Survey Design
Question Types
Question types

rtSurvey supports all standard XLSForm question types, plus several extensions. Each question type controls what kind of data is collected and how the input widget is rendered on the device.

To set the question type, enter the type name in the type column of the survey worksheet in your XLSForm.

Text input

TypeDescription
textFree-text response — any characters allowed
integerWhole number (no decimals)
decimalNumber with decimal places
rangeNumber selected from a slider within a defined min/max range

Selection

TypeDescription
select_one listnamePick exactly one option from a list
select_multiple listnamePick one or more options from a list
select_one_from_file filenamePick one option loaded from an external CSV file
rank listnameOrder choices by preference or priority

Date and Time

TypeDescription
dateCalendar date (year, month, day)
timeTime of day (hours, minutes)
datetimeCombined date and time

Location

TypeDescription
geopointSingle GPS coordinate (latitude, longitude, altitude, accuracy)
geotraceA path — series of GPS points forming a line
geoshapeAn area — closed polygon of GPS points

Media

TypeDescription
imagePhoto capture or image upload
audioAudio recording
videoVideo recording
fileGeneral file upload (PDF, document, etc.)

Other

TypeDescription
barcodeScan a barcode or QR code
noteRead-only display text — shows instructions or calculated summaries
calculateHidden field that stores a computed value
hiddenHidden field that stores a static or prefilled value
trigger / acknowledgeA checkbox the enumerator must tick to confirm they have read a statement
metaAutomatic metadata: timestamps, device ID, enumerator info

How type and appearance work together

The type determines what data is collected. The appearance column controls how the widget looks. Many types support multiple appearances — for example select_one can appear as radio buttons, a dropdown, a Likert scale, or a compact grid.

See Appearance for the full list of options.